Constraints & Standards – CSE Senior Design Knowledge Base

Design Constraints

All Senior Design projects may be subject to some of the below design constraints as applicable to the specific project. These should be documented in the System Requirement Specification document and are also required at other stages of your project documentation and completion.

Accessibility
- Does your project need to serve or be used by persons with limited vision, mobility/dexterity, or mental health?
Aesthetics
- Does your project need to blend in with surroundings visually or physically? Are there other stipulations or limitations that might apply?
Constructability / Manufacturability
- Will your project be difficult to construct due to design limitations or access to materials or equipment?
Cost / Economic
- Will your project stay within the defined budget? What will it cost to potential end users?
Ergonomics
- Will your project need to have special design features for physical comfort? This can apply to both physical and digital projects – think about how comfortable hand positions might be to use an app on a phone versus tablet, for example.
Environmental
- Will your project need to account for Environmental factors? Does it have any pollution properties? Batteries can almost always get a free pass on this category.
Extensibility
- What limitations might be imposed by the project needing to be extended by another team?
Functionality
- What functional constraints apply to your project? Are there certain functions that cannot be implemented?
Interoperability
- Does the project need to work with other, external, systems to function properly?
Legal Considerations
- Is your project legal (we hope so)? If you intend to commercialize it after graduation, what needs to be considered for establishing an LLC/LLP or other legal entity?
Maintainability
- In the future, can the project be maintained properly by future teams or university staff? If you plan to commercialize the project, how will it be maintained?
Marketability
- Are there any limitations in how the project can be marketed? Are there certain demographic properties that you may need to consider?
Public Health
- How is your project affected by Public Health concerns?
Safety & Welfare
- How is your project affected by various Safety factors?
Schedule
- How is your project affected by scheduling constraints? School semester timings can be a default for this category.
Social/Cultural
- What Social or Cultural limitations apply to your project? Might there be language barriers or regional/demographic characteristics that could apply?
Standards
- Are there certain standards (which should be in the section below) which constrain some of your desired functionalities?
Sustainability
- Are there factors that could inhibit how sustainable your project is? This is separate from Extensibility and Maintainability.
Usability
- What use factors might limit how your project is developed? Will it need to rely on outside resources (internet connectivity or GPS signal for example)? This could tie in with Environmental or Interoperability.

Engineering Standards

Authentication & Encryption/Security Standards
- AES
- MD5
- OAuth
- OIDC
- PSK
- RSA
- SAML
- SHA
Building Codes
- ADA
- County / City / Municipal
Common Engineering Standards
- ANSI
  - ANSI C18 – Batteries
  - ANSI C119 – Electrical Connectors under 600 Volts
  - ANSI C136 – Illumination / Lighting
- ASTM
  - D7386 – Performance Package for Delivery Systems
- DIN
  - DIN 72552 – Connector and Component Pin Numbering
- IEC
  - IEC 60083, 60884, 60906 – Power Outlets for Residential and Commercial Use
  - IEC 60086 – Batteries
  - IEC 60169 – RF Connectors
  - IEC 60287 – Current Capacity of Cables
  - IEC 60309 – Power Outlets for Industrial Use
  - IEC 60423 – Electrical Conduit
  - IEC 60445 – Marking and Identification of Wiring
  - IEC 60529 – Ingress Protection (Weather Rating) of Enclosures (Also, see: NEMA 250)
  - IEC 60757 – Electronic Component Color Codes
  - IEC 60966 – RF and Coaxial Cables
  - IEC 62196 – Electric Vehicle Charging Connectors
- IEEE
  - IEEE 802 – Networking
  - IEEE 1692 – Lightning Protection
  - IEEE 1937 – Drone Payloads
  - IEEE 11073 – Health Infomatics
- ISO
  - ISO 15, 1132, 3290 – Bearings
  - ISO 54 – Gears
  - ISO 68 – Screw Threads
  - ISO 272 & 273, 724 & 725 – Fasteners
  - ISO 4909 – Magnetic Stripe / Cards
  - ISO 5807 – Flowcharts
  - ISO 7176, 16840 – Wheelchairs
  - ISO 8825 – Encoding
  - ISO 8859 – Character Sets
  - ISO 9141 – OBD2 Communication
  - ISO 9899 – C Programming Language
  - ISO 10118 – Hashing
  - ISO 10192, 14543, 18012 – Home Electronics and Communication
  - ISO 11179 – MetaData
  - ISO 11270 – Intelligent Transport Systems
  - ISO 11801 – Consumer Premises Cabling
  - ISO 12640 – Image Processing (sRGB, CMYK, etc)
  - ISO 13249 – Databases
  - ISO 14882 – C++ Programming Language
  - ISO 16982 – Human-Centered Usability and Ergonomics
  - ISO 17185 – Journey Planning Systems
  - ISO 18004 – QR Code Formatting
  - ISO 19101 through 19159 – Geographic Information Systems
  - ISO 19794, 19795 – Biometric Data
  - ISO 20802 – ODATA and JSON
  - ISO 21448 – Safety of Intended Functionality (Road Vehicles)
  - ISO 23000 through 23003 – MPEG Video Format
  - ISO 23270 – C# Programming Language
  - ISO 29167 – Cryptography and Data Capture
  - ISO 29341 – Universal Plug n Play (UPnP)
- HL7
  - Health Data Processing
- NEMA
  - NEMA 50009 – Fuses
  - NEMA IA 2.5 – PLCs
  - NEMA ICS 6 – Industrial and Automation
  - NEMA WD 1 – Wire Coloring
  - NEMA 250 – Ingress Protection (Weather Rating) of Enclosures (Also see: IEC 60259)
- NIST
  - Cybersecurity
    - NIST SP 800-63-3 Digital Identity Guidelines
    - NIST SP 800-63A Enrollment and Identity Proofing
    - NIST SP 800-63B Authentication and Lifecycle Management
    - NIST SP 800-63C Federation and Assertions
  - Time
  - Weights and Measures
OSHA Compliance
- Part 1910 – Occupational Safety and Health Standards
- Part 1919 – Gear Certification
Programming/Web Dev Standards
- ECMA
- HTML Living Standard
- PHP Standard Recommendation (PSR)
- W3C